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Super Simple iPod FM Transmitter

February 19, 2016, 1:14 pm
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Super Simple iPod FM Transmitter

FM transmitters can be complicated to build, but not this one — this iPod FM transmitter about the easiest you can possibly make. And though the science of radio is well understood, there’s a magical, emotional quality about it that we don’t often stop to appreciate. You will not forget the first time you pick up a transmission broadcast from a device you soldered together, yourself, from a few bits of copper, carbon, plastic, and wire.
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30V/4A Adjustable Bench Power Supply

February 19, 2016, 1:14 pm
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30V/4A Adjustable Bench Power Supply

This is a high quality bench power supply with adjustable output voltage from 0 to 30V and adjustable output current from few miliamperes to 4 amperes. Built-in electronic output current limiter that effectively controls the output current makes this power supply indispensable in the experimenters laboratory as it is possible to limit the current to the typical maximum that a circuit under test may require, and power it up then, without any fear that it may be damaged if something goes wrong. There is also a visual indication that the current limiter is in operation so that you can see at a glance that your circuit is exceeding or not its preset limits.
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Mini FM Radio Broadcast Transmitter

February 26, 2016, 2:30 pm
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Mini FM Radio Broadcast Transmitter

Have you ever wanted to broadcast your own radio station within your neighborhood? This small and simple 87-108MHz FM transmitter is the toy that geeks have always wanted. This tutorial includes the PCB layout and the schematics. It has a range of up to 1/4 mile or more. It's great for room monitoring, baby listening and nature research.
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250mW FM VHF Transmitter

March 28, 2016, 5:20 pm
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250mW FM VHF Transmitter

This FM VHF transmitter will output approximately 250mW of RF power using a 2N3866 output transistor and can operate between 75MHz and 146MHz. It utilities a variable high gain audio pre-amplifier which can detect voices 40 feet away using an electret microphone. Using a NBFM scanner, ranges over 5KM have been achieved using a 48cm wire antenna. Coils are 22SWG 7mm air core. L1 and L2 should be 6 turns for 75MHz to 85MHz, 4 turns for 85MHz to 100MHz and 3 turns for 100 to 146MHz. For frequencies over 100MHz the Crystal will be higher than 20MHz hence the base emitter capacitor should be 47pF. L3 is a 4.7uH choke. It is ideal to tune up this circuit using a wave detector meter placed a few inches away from the transmitter.
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FM Stereo Transmitter using BA1404

April 4, 2016, 7:24 pm
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FM Stereo Transmitter using BA1404

This easy to build transmitter transmits high quality stereo sound from your MP3 player, computer, walkman or discman to any FM radio or car radio. The circuit is designed around the BA1404 single chip FM stereo transmitter from ROHM. The IC requires only a small number of external parts so it is well suited for hobbyist projects. The chip features excellent frequency stability, low power consumption & good channel separation. The transmitting RF frequency can be set by adjusting the coil (Lx). This 2 turn coils is paired with a 39 pF capacitor (Cx) to give a frequency range from 87 MHz - 106 MHz.
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Simple Miniature FM Transmitter

April 19, 2016, 9:13 pm
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Simple Miniature FM Transmitter

I found this FM transmitter circuit on the internet, it works very well and it is very simple to build, even for amateurs. I managed to squeeze all the parts on small 1.5 x 2 cm PCB. When using small wire antenna and 3V power the range is 50m. The coil has 10 turns on a 3 mm diameter and is wound with 0.3 mm copper wire. The microphone is an electret type. Transmitting frequency is changed by stretching or compressing the coil. Furthermore, we can change the frequency by changing C2 capacitor (10pF capacitor with a frequency of about 88MHz, with 8.2pF 95Mhz and 6.8pF 104Mhz). Further tuning to the correct frequency is done through the coil. Transmitter can be powered by 3V button battery.
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76MHz - 110MHz FM Transmitter with Booster

May 21, 2016, 12:11 am
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76MHz - 110MHz FM Transmitter with Booster

Three stage FM transmitter with an on board signal booster for increased transmitting range. It broadcasts audio on 76MHz - 110MHz FM frequency via included on board microphone or from MP3 player, Phone, iPod, Computer, Laptop, CD Player, TV, Satellite Receiver via on board 3.5mm connector. It transmit sound with excellent clarity throughout your home, office, yard, camp ground, etc. Transmitter is supplied by 3-12V DC voltage and uses one 2SC9014 and two 2SC9018 low noise RF transistors.
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Pen FM Transmitter Bug

May 21, 2016, 12:11 am
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Pen FM Transmitter Bug

Pen FM Transmitter bug projects have been very popular. The idea of being able to hide a transmitter in a pen is very appealing. In an effort to reduce the size of this design, we have used surface-mount components. Firstly, the thought of using the coil in the tank circuit for transmitting RF was a little far fetched, but we used it as an example for those who were interested in experimenting with our circuits. Now we have gone back to a conventional antenna, the whip. The whip or straight-line antenna can be coiled, wound longitudinally or folded. The way it is wound makes a big difference to its effectiveness, but when you are limited in space, you have to accept these limitations. Even though we have used this antenna set up in our previous pen bugs we have considerably improved the circuit to the point were it has low battery consumption, but high RF output. The size of this design has been reduced considerably by using surface-mount components.
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0-30V Mini Bench Power Supply

June 5, 2016, 2:05 am
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0-30V Mini Bench Power Supply

After many years of employing this ugly and clumsy bench power supply, I decided it was time to build something better, smaller and nice looking. It began as a variable power supply based on an LM338 5A voltage regulator and external power adapter. LM338's Data Sheet has several very helpful application notes and circuits. I chose one that illustrated variable output and included protection diodes. Diodes are included to protect the regulator from damage in case the input is accidentally shorted to ground. This is a distinct possibility if using jumpers to attach it to the power supply. Also the output of station supply may be shorted if some other device fails. Without the diodes, if this happens, the capacitors will dump their charge back through the regulator. Since the current spike may be many amps, the regulator may fail. The diodes steer the current around the regulator and into ground, thereby protecting it from damage. With adequate input the LM338 makes a fabulous variable power supply. This small supply is user friendly and fits nicely on my cluttered bench.
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2-5 Km Long Range FM Transmitter

July 17, 2016, 6:56 am
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2-5 Km Long Range FM Transmitter

The proposed long range transmitter circuit really is very steady, harmonic free design which you can use with standard fm frequencies between 88 and 108 MHz. This will likely encompass 5km spectrum (long range). It includes an extremely consistent oscillator for the reason that you employ LM7809 stabilizer that is a 9V stabilized power source for T1 transistor and for frequency realignment that may be reached by means of the 10K linear potentiometer. The output strength of this long range rf transmitter is approximately 1W. Transistor T1 is employed as an oscillator stage to present a small power steady frequency. To fine-tune the freq. apply the 10k linear potentiometer this way: should you moderate, in the direction of ground, the freq. would probably decrease but when you fine-tune it in direction of + it would climb. Essentially the potentiometer is needed just as a flexible power source for the a pair of MV2019 varicap diodes. Both of these diodes function as a changeable capacitor whilst you regulate the pot. By tweaking the diode capacitance the L1 + diodes circuit renders a resonance circuit for T1. Feel free to employ transistors similar to BF199, BF214 however be careful not to use BCs. At this point you don’t receive yet the long range fm wireless transmitter due to the fact that the electric power is fairly reduced, a maximum of 0.5 mW.
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ICL8038 Function Generator

July 17, 2016, 6:56 am
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ICL8038 Function Generator

Function generator with adjustable frequency from 0 Hz to over 400 kHz, adjustable amplitude, DC offset, duty, and of course the function selection – square, triangle, and sine. Generator based on good old ICL8038 integrated chip generator that gives pretty good shaped signals as for amateur purposes. This circuit has been designed a little differently than ICL’s note or other similar circuits are suggesting. I tested a bunch of different configurations with different peripherals and chosen the best – so to get good waveshape at 400kHz. I got rid of some of the elements, I added my own solutions. The two ICL chips that i have can oscillate around up to 420-430kHz, and practically we can get good waveforms up to that frequency.
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DIY USB 5V Solar Power Pack

November 21, 2016, 11:31 am
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DIY USB 5V Solar Power Pack

Solar energy is renewable, free, widely available and clean form of energy. It is considered as a serious source of energy for many years because of the vast amounts of energy that is made freely available, if harnessed by modern technology. Many people are familiar with so-called photovoltaic cells, or solar panels, found on things like spacecraft, rooftops, and handheld calculators. The cells are made of semiconductor materials like those found in computer chips. When sunlight hits the cells, it knocks electrons loose from their atoms. As the electrons flow through the cell, they generate electricity. In this project, we are building a power bank which harvests energy by using a solar panel. The energy gained by the solar panel is stored in a LiPo battery. Then the battery is used to supply a stable 5V which is used by USB gadgets. The power bank can also be charged by an external 5V source. The best thing for this power bank during day that you don’t need to remember to charge it. It charges itself by using the sunlight and you don’t come up with an empty bank.
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15W Transmitter Power Amplifier 88-108MHz

November 21, 2016, 11:31 am
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15W Transmitter Power Amplifier 88-108MHz

The power amplifier boosts 88-108MHZ 1-2W FM transmitter's power to 15 W. It includes multi-level low pass filter and has a high conversion efficiency with strong Yi-wave suppression. With good antena expected transmission coverage is at least 15Km. It uses high power 175 MHZ 4A 25W 2SC1972 RF transistor that must to be mounted to heatsink for proper heat dissipation.
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500mW FM / VHF Transmitter Amplifier / Booster

November 21, 2016, 11:31 am
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500mW FM / VHF Transmitter Amplifier / Booster

High performance low noise 500mW amplifier / booster for all low power FM transmitters such as BA1404, BH1417, BH1415, 433MHz transmitter modules, etc. The amplifier chip is an integrated circuit containing multiple transistor stages and all other parts conveniently within a single small package. Boosting your FM transmitter has never been easier and the output signal can also directly drive 2n4427 or 2n3866 transistors for 1W or 5W of RF output power.
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300mW FM Transmitter with 2SC2538

November 21, 2016, 11:31 am
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300mW FM Transmitter with 2SC2538

The above FM transmitter has RF output power of 300 mW and covers more than one kilometer distance. Frequency adjustment is accomplished with MV2105 varactor diode and R7 10K potentiometer. 2SC2538 is a class C 300mW amplifier.
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Analog Capacitor ESR Tester

November 21, 2016, 11:31 am
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Analog Capacitor ESR Tester

I finally got round to making my capacitor ESR tester this week after finding a nice simple 5 transistor version. Unfortunately, for me, the design was only SMD so, I decided to replicate his schematic in Eagle PCB using a through hole component design. I will not be going into much detail regarding ESR or Equivalent Series Resistance Meters as, there is already plenty of other sources of information on the subject. Yet, every tinkering knows capacitors are guilty of a lot of sins in electronics. Capacitors love to throw red herrings! They can appear physically fine (no bulge), show good capacitance and hide in circuit, standing to attention like the Queens Guards hiding shorts and high resistance under their big hats. This is where the ESR tester can be a saviour, with the ability to test for "out of specification" high resistance, within the capacitor. They can also be used to test "in circuit", without the need to remove every capacitor in the circuit.
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4 Watt FM Transmitter

March 28, 2017, 3:03 pm
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4 Watt FM Transmitter

The following is a simple yet powerful 4W FM transmitter which is tunable to 88-108MHz frequency. Connect to your ipod/computer, etc. When this was first made, I only had a 2N2219A on hand, which resulted in a lower RF output. I have since swapped out the transistor for a 2N3866 for full 4W output at around 15VDC supply. In order to achieve a high output level, you will need a well tuned antenna, and a large heatsink to dissipate the heat from T2 transistor. Transmitter was mounted in metal enclosure and works extremely well.
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Using RF 433MHz Transmitter / Receiver Modules With Arduino

June 15, 2017, 6:46 am
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Using RF 433MHz Transmitter / Receiver Modules With Arduino

This post aims to be a complete guide for the popular RF 433MHz Transmitter/Receiver modules. I’ll explain how it works, show some features and share an Arduino project example that you can take and apply to your own projects.
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One Transistor FM Transmitter

June 21, 2017, 3:15 pm
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One Transistor FM Transmitter

This circuit is basically an oscillator which runs at around 100 MHz. The most important parts of the oscillator are the transistor Q1 and the tuned circuit, which comprises the inductor Ll and the variable capacitor CV1. When the battery is first connected, a brief surge of current flows from the collector to the emitter of Q1, causing an oscillating (i.e: alternating) current to flow back and forth between Ll and CV1. An oscillating voltage therefore appears at the junction of Ll and CV1. The frequency of the oscillation depends on the values of Ll and CV1, so that varying the value of CV1 tunes the oscillations to the exact frequency required.
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5 Km Long Range FM Transmitter

August 8, 2017, 12:09 am
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5 Km Long Range FM Transmitter

Here we are presenting a long range FM transmitter that can cover a reasonable distance of 5 kilometers / 3 miles and beyond with a one watt RF power with full circuit details, bill of material and testing procedure. With 12 volt DC it will deliver 1 watt RF power. With Yagi antenna, looking like early days of TV antenna with aluminum pipes at both at transmitter and receiver end looking each other at line of sight distance, the range can be up to 5 km / 3 miles.
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